Best Types of Strawberries to Grow
The three main types of strawberries are June-bearing, everbearing, and day-neutral. June-bearing strawberries, such as ‘Shuksan’ ($20, Raintree Nursery), grow well in Zones 6-10, but some varieties are better for your local conditions than others. Keep in mind that June-bearers will produce their crop earlier in warm climates, which means you could be eating berries in April. In Zones 6-8 (except for hot, humid areas), everbearing or day-neutral strawberries may be your best bet. Everbearing types, such as ‘Quinault’, produce two crops (one in June and one in September). Day-neutral types, such as ‘Tristar’ ($20, Stark Bro’s), will produce a continual but smaller crop from June to September. June-bearing varieties are often recommended for short-season northern gardens; they offer a bigger summer bounty than everbearers, but plants stop fruiting after the first harvest.
How to Plant Strawberries
No matter what type of strawberry you grow, select a spot in full sun (that gets at least 6 hours of direct sunlight every day) for your bed that has moist, well-drained soil. Spade soil to a depth of 8-10 inches, working in plenty of compost or well-rotted manure. You’ll have the most success with new plants bought from a reputable nursery rather than plants passed along from a friend’s garden. Strawberry plants decrease in vigor after a few years, and they’re susceptible to diseases, so it’s best to start fresh, not with hand-me-downs. In fact, you should replace your whole bed every four or five years. Plant June-bearers in early spring in rows 4 feet apart, setting the plants 2 feet apart. The mother plants make plantlets on long stems called runners that root where they touch the ground. These will fill the rows and create a mat. Let them fill up a 2-foot-wide space, keeping room between the rows for access. For everbearing and day-neutral types, clip off those runners and only maintain the original plants. Another option is Fragaria vesca, the alpine strawberry, which produces smaller fruits than other strawberry plants, but their flavor is more intense. These plants are easy to grow in Zones 3-9, even in part shade. The best way to grow strawberries of this type is to plant them at least 2 feet apart and the rows 3-4 feet apart. The plants don’t produce plantlets, but they do reseed, often forming a high groundcover over time that will keep producing fruit from spring until frost.
Renovating Strawberries
Strawberries need rejuvenation each year, which you can easily do with your lawnmower. After you’ve harvested, adjust the height of your mower blades to about 4 inches off the ground and mow over your patch several times. If you can’t mow the beds, cut each plant down to about an inch. Then, rake out the clipped plant parts, weed, remove baby plants that have hopped out of the bed, and lightly fertilize with an all-purpose organic blend. Test Garden Tip: In the first year of your strawberry bed, be brave and remove all flowers from the plants so they’ll use their energy to establish a robust root system instead. Keep dreaming of next year’s strawberry shortcake! Straw mulch helps keep weeds down, moderates soil moisture and keeps the berries from sitting in the mud. In winter, the straw acts like a blanket to keep the plants dormant until it’s time to start growing in spring. But be careful because slugs and snails can lurk underneath the straw, just waiting to take slimy bites out of your precious fruits. Use an organic slug control if they become too much of a problem.
How to Grow Strawberries in Pots
Because they tend to have small root systems, growing strawberries in containers is one of the best ways to grow strawberries. Like planting them in the ground, choose a spot with full sun. Potted strawberry plants will dry out quicker than those in a patch, so check on them daily to ensure the soil is consistently moist. Consider using a drip irrigation system for containers, set on a timer to make this task easier. Also, use a container with a drainage hole at the bottom, so the plants aren’t sitting in water. Day-neutral varieties are the best for growing in pots because they produce fewer runners (though everbearing plants will also work). In the winter, you have two choices: Dump out the soil and plants, wash the pot, and store it over the winter, replanting next year. Or keep watering the plants until late fall, hold the pot in an unheated garage or shed and let the plants go dormant (continue giving them a little water every week or so). Then, after the last spring frost, bring the pot back to its sunny spot, and the plants should start growing again.
How to Harvest Strawberries
When to harvest strawberries depends on the variety you’re growing. June-bearing strawberries will start to ripen all at once, usually over about three weeks. Everbearing strawberries will produce a few different crops; usually, one large harvest in spring, a few more berries over the summer, and another larger harvest in later summer or early fall. Day-neutral plants will produce berries continuously until the first fall frost. Usually, the berries will be ready to harvest about 4-6 weeks after the plant blossoms. Only harvest berries that have fully turned red, and use scissors to trim the stems (don’t pull the strawberries off the plants, or you could damage them). When the plants produce fruit, check back on them daily so that none of the strawberries get overripe before picking.
Best Strawberry Varieties
When you’re searching for strawberry plants, make sure you select the very best for your growing conditions. Each of these varieties is known for its delicious flavor and easy care. ‘Baron Solemacher’: Chefs savor this alpine variety for its intense taste. Because the berries are fragile, they’re best eaten fresh from the patch. ‘Earliglow’: One of the earliest varieties to set fruit. Good fresh or frozen, the flavorful berries are sweet without adding sugar. Winter-hardy plants resist disease. Fragaria chiloensis: While most alpines won’t wander, this wild one can send runners cascading even over rocks at the edge of a woodland garden. ‘Giant Robinson’: These huge, mouthwatering berries are impressive in a fruit bowl. The vigorous, heavy-yielding plants offer one long-lasting picking season each summer. ‘Honeyoye’: These firm and juicy berries are prized for their naturally sweet taste. Winter-hardy plants grow vigorously, producing one big crop of conical fruits yearly. ‘Pink Panda’: Grow this one as an everblooming, edible groundcover in sun or partial shade. ‘Pineapple Crush’: This alpine, named for its distinct flavor, produces pale yellow fruits the first year if seeds are sown early indoors. ‘Redchief’: The large, bright-red berries remain firm for freezing and are adaptable to a wide range of growing conditions. They’re also highly disease resistant. ‘Sparkle’: This hardy variety, recommended for northern gardens, withstands late spring frosts. The name describes the berries’ bright sheen, and they’re excellent fresh or frozen. ‘Tribute’: A day-neutral variety that produces berries from spring till fall frost. Fruits are bigger later in the season, and the plants are resistant to cold and many diseases. ‘Tristar’ Berry production never goes on holiday, thanks to this hardworking day-neutral variety that fruits from spring to frost. If you want to establish your own berry patch, you don’t have to stop with strawberries. You can also grow raspberries and blueberries at home just as easily as strawberries. Any fruit from your garden will be much more flavorful and juicy than store-bought!
